Critically discuss the historical-cultural context of human rights Essay

Critically discuss the historical-cultural context of human rights. Does their context differ across cultural boundaries and if - Essay Example In academic literature, the school of thought that who argued against universality in relation to human rights are today establishing new perspectives regarding human rights. This school of thought, now incorporates cultural elements within a universal concept related to human rights, instead of directly criticizing the idea of universality (Hey 2000, p.17). This approach taken in regard to human rights paves way for a focus on various issues affecting the society and the implications in terms of establishing human rights that are recognized internationally. Further, there is a likelihood of a new universalism being born as a result of globalization. This new universalism related to significant developments that have occurred globally in terms of theories and politics related to human rights. In practice, various rights that exist within the society are now viewed as being interdependent. However, there is also an increasing recognition of cultural diversity thus resulting in varying concepts related to rights in regard to a new universalism. For example, the establishment of the internationally recognized criminal tribunals in countries such as the Netherlands or Tanzania, reflect on a consensus for international responsibility, and also accountability in regard to serious crimes that are against humanity. In essence, this paper explores the historical-cultural context related to universality of human rights. (Hey 2000, p.19). Universality is an important characteristic related to human rights and by definition, human rights denotes the rights available to every human being and hence, considered universal. Each human being is considered a holder of human rights that are independent of their origin, their daily activities, where they reside and their citizenship or community. Universality in regard to human rights is often influenced by other factors associated with human rights, and human rights are categorical, egalitarian and indivisible (Onuma 2001, p.33). In essence, a review of universalism and relativism reveals a build-up of two different terminologies, however; the counterpart of the former term is particularism and for the latter term is absolutism. The main reason for the misconception revolves around an assumption identifying universalism as being only legitimate through absolute justification. As a result, a relative means of legitimization can establish only a justification considered relative. The result in this sense related to the proponents advocating for human rights tends to establish an absolute justification in terms of the set human rights. This assumption is influenced by the view that relative justification is not appropriate to establish universality related to human rights (Onuma 2001, p.42). On the other hand, it could be argued that this two terms lack direct association, which creates consequences in regarding to developing an understanding of the universality related to human rights, and also attempt to esta blish a justification. Human rights often struggles as a result of particular interests among states that place priority for sovereignty over universality related to human rights. In addition, the private sector also impacts on human rights as a result of focusing on self-regulating approaches and capitalizes to establish their influence relative to certain limits. Further, this challenge forms part of

Child care Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Child care - Essay Example Michelle does not notice, her attention glued to the show while narrating to Michelle what is happening to the bear. She gets surprised when the baby shrieks and begins to cry. Yes. Betsy could have focused more on the baby she was caring for by really finding out why she suddenly made sounds when she was quiet all along. Observing her non-verbal behavior like following her gaze will help her understand what the baby is trying to communicate. Baby Michelle was trying to tell her caregiver that she needed her ball back. The fact that she was helpless in getting it, being unable to stand up on her own, much more go over her playpen and pick up the toy herself means she needed someone else to do it for her. Her caregiver misunderstood her cues, thinking the baby reacted to an adorable television character, thereby making the sounds. Baby got frustrated when her caregiver was not able to read her cues so she began to cry. Incident 2: Eleven month old Baby Troy heard some children laughing and playing outside his window. When he looked, he saw them playing ball. When his caregiver, Cynthia, walked near, Baby Troy said â€Å"Boh†, and started lifting up his arms while shifting his gaze from Cynthia to the children outside. Cynthia says, â€Å"Oh, you want a ball? Here you go!† Cynthia gives Troy his favorite red ball, but Troy shoved it away and continued to raise his arms to Cynthia. Cynthia picked up the ball and when she stood up, Baby Troy was upset as he began to cry. Observing Troy’s behavior more closely before he said â€Å"Boh† would have helped Cynthia understand his cues better. She failed to see Troy’s shifting gaze and his cue to be carried outside and automatically interpreted his verbalization to mean he wanted his ball. When Troy shoved the ball away and continued to raise his arms to her, Cynthia could have tried another response by picking him up and searching for more cues, abandoning the idea that Troy wanted his